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MITMH2022
Public Access

Solution to XD VA GD KHT BD

Whoston

Answer: LA BAMBA
by joon pahk and Steve Kaltenbaugh

As the flavortext tells you, this puzzle does not require translating anything from Korean. (Indeed, pasting the Korean part of the flavortext into Google Translate informs you that Google Translate won't help, either.) The puzzle is actually an English-language crossword whose clues have been phonetically transliterated (not translated!) into Hangul, the Korean script. Google text-to-speech can pronounce the clues for you if you don't read Hangul, and using it on the clue headings tells you that they are 아크로스 ("ah kə roh sə") and 다운 ("dah oon"), which should be a big hint as to what's going on. But you should probably also learn some things about Hangul to solve the puzzle. Some relevant facts:

  1. Hangul is alphabetic, with 14 consonants and 10 vowels.
  2. Hangul text is arranged into blocks of one syllable each, read from left to right. Every syllable starts with a consonant, then has one vowel either below or to the right of that consonant (vowels whose long stroke is horizontal go below, and vowels whose long stroke is vertical go to the right), and optionally can also have an ending consonant at the bottom of the block.
  3. Diphthongs exist; most of them are pronounced by just pronouncing the individual vowel sounds in order, but a notable exception is ㅐ/ ㅔ, both of which are pronounced like a short e sound (as in bet or head). In modern Korean as spoken in South Korea, the two spellings are pronounced exactly the same. (North Koreans and some older South Koreans claim that there is a subtle difference between them, but if there is, neither of the two authors of this puzzle can hear it.)
  4. A few consonants differ quite a bit in their pronunciation depending on whether they are found at the start or end of a syllable. Most importantly, the consonant ㅇ is silent at the start of a syllable (and is used as a placeholder for syllables that phonetically begin with a vowel sound), but pronounced like -ng at the end of a syllable. Also, the consonant ㄹ is both L and R; it sounds more like an R at the start of a syllable and L at the end. (An L in the middle of a word, even if it begins a syllable, can be approximated by adding an L to the end of the previous syllable, but an L at the start of a word just doesn't exist in Korean.)
  5. There are other phonemes common in English that don't exist at all in Korean, so transliterating requires you to just make a somewhat close substitution. Examples include z (for which ㅈ, the j-like consonant, is typically used), f and v (ㅍ/ㅂ, p-like and b-like respectively). Neither the voiced or unvoiced th sound exists either; voiced th (as in the) is typically treated like a d sound, and unvoiced (as in thin) like an s.
  6. Consonant clusters are difficult to render in Korean; generally, they need to get expanded into multiple syllables so that each of the consonant sounds can be heard. Most commonly this is done by attaching the schwa-like vowel ㅡ to each of the non-syllable consonants.

So you can start to fill in the grid using Google text-to-speech, but you will quickly notice that most of the clues are incomplete in Hangul; they contain some capital letters from the Roman alphabet that resemble some kind of cipher. Indeed, they are a cipher—each of those letters stands for a different Hangul letter. It's possible to crack the cipher yourself by making good educated guesses as to some of the ciphered words, but it will help immensely as soon as you can fill in the entry at 74-across, SKATS, and then Google it. SKATS is a Hangul romanization cipher based on Korean Morse code, and it's been used to encipher many of the words in the clues.

Some things that will help you piece the clues together:

  1. All punctuation and spaces in the clues have been preserved. In particular, pay attention to the spaces between blocks in Hangul, as they tell you where the word breaks are in the clue.
  2. In SKATS, syllable blocks are separated by a single space, and word breaks are indicated by a double space. The SKATS words in the clues adhere to this convention.
  3. Only entire words (as opposed to individual syllables within words) have been enciphered in SKATS.
  4. Several of the clues refer to Korean food and culture, so there are a handful of places where the Hangul or SKATS words don't sound like English, because they're not. They're the name of a Korean celebrity, or a Korean food or drink.
  5. The title of the puzzle is SKATS for 크로스워드, which is just "Crossword". (You don't need to decipher it, but it's there.)

Filling out the grid reveals the eight-part instruction at 19-, 25-, 29-, 39-, 49-, 50-, 62-, and 74-across: SHADE IN / EVERY / ENTRY / WITH A LETTER / THAT / ALSO / IS USED IN ITS CLUE IN / SKATS. Doing so gives you this grid:

1M 2E 3S 4H 5E 6W 7O 8K 9S 10H 11E 12M 13P
14A X L E 15A T H L E T 16E 17E L O I
18S W I T 19S H A D E I N 20W A D E
21T I D E 22H E L 23P L O 24I S E E
25E V E R 26Y 27R E 28E S E 29E N T R Y
30R E B O O 31T 32B A A 33E N G I N E
34P S Y 35U N 36C O R K 37I N G 38C A D
39W I T H A L E T T E 40R
41S 42A 43B A N 44A T E S T 45L E 46E 47C 48H
49T H A T 50A L S O
51P I N T 52O 53A 54M 55A 56H 57L 58A D M I T
59R 60E L I G I O 61N S
62I 63S 64U 65S E D I N I T S C L 66U 67E 68I 69N
70P A R K 71T A S T I E R 72K A N G
73A N N A 74S K A T S 75E R G O

The shading forms the Hangul text 고돔도. That doesn't mean anything in either Korean or English, but enciphering it in SKATS gives LA BAMBA, which is the answer.

A full solution to each clue, in both English and Hangul, is given below. Words in bold were enciphered in SKATS in the puzzle.

아크로스AnswerClue in EnglishClue in Hangul
1MESHScreen stuff스크린 스터프
5EWOKSWicket and others위캩 앤드 어드즈
10HEMPRope material로프 머티리앨
14AXLEBar in a limo?바 인 어 리모?
15ATHLETEKim Yuna or Ryu Hyun-Jin김연아 오 류현진
17ELOIRace in "The Time Machine"레이스 인 "더 타임 머신"
18SWITLoretta of "M*A*S*H"로래타 어브 "매시으"
19SHADE INPart one of instructions파트 원 어브 인스트럭션즈
20WADENBA champ Dwayne앤비에이 챔프 두에인
21TIDEMotion of the ocean모션 어브 디 오션
22HELDaughter of Loki다터 어브 로키
23PLOOrg. for Abbas오그. 포 아바스
24I SEE"That makes sense""댙 메잌스 샌스"
25EVERYPart two of instructions파트 투 어브 인스트럭션즈
27REESEWitherspoon of "Little Fires Everywhere"위더스푼 어브 "리틀 파이어즈 애브리웨여"
29ENTRYPart three of instructions파트 쓰리 어브 인스트럭션즈
30REBOOTSequel that ignores continuity씨퀼 댙 익노즈 칸티누으티
32BAASheep sound싶 사운드
33ENGINEDiesel or Bing디즐 오 빙
34PSY"Gentleman" singer"잰틀믄" 씽어
35UNCORKINGGetting into a cab?개팅 인투 어 캐브?
38CADHeel
39WITH A LETTERPart four of instructions파트 포 어브 인스트럭션즈
41SABANAlabama coach Nick알라바마 코츠 닠
44A-TESTAlamogordo event알라모고도 이밴트
45LEECHParasite파라사이트
49THATPart five of instructions파트 파이브 어브 인스트럭션즈
50ALSOPart six of instructions파트 앀스 어브 인스트럭션즈
51PINTOOften refried bean아프튼 리프라이드 빈
53AMAHLBoy in a Menotti opera보이 인 어 맨오티 아프라
58ADMITFess up패쓰 어프
59RELIGIONSBelief systems빌립 씨스탬즈
62IS USED IN ITS CLUE INPart seven of instructions파트 새밴 어브 인스트럭션즈
70PARK Jaesang (34-across, really) 재상 (34-아크로스, 릴리)
71TASTIERMore delicious모 딜리시으스
72KANGSung of "Better Luck Tomorrow"성 어브 "배터 렄 투마로"
73ANNAIdina : Elsa :: Kristen : 이디나 : 앨사 :: 크리스탠 :
74SKATSPart eight of instructions파트 에이트 어브 인스트럭션즈
75ERGOCogito, sum코기토,
다운AnswerClue in EnglishClue in Hangul
1MASTER PPapa of Romeo파파 어브 로미오
2EX-WIVESOpening number of "Six"오프닝 넘버 어브 "씩스"
3SLIDE BYPass easily페쓰 이절리
4HETEROStraight, for short스트레이트, 포 쇼트
5ETHERWilliamson synthesis product윌렴선 씬태씨스 프라덬트
6WHALEBOATIt's lowered from the Pequod잍스 로워드 프럼 더 피콰드
7OLDLong in the tooth롱 인 더 투쓰
8KEEPSAKESSouvenirs수버니르즈
9STILEWay over a fence왜이 오버 어 팬스
10HEWINGCutting down커팅 다운
11ELASTICObeying Hooke's Law오배잉 훜스 라
12MODERNAPfizer alternative파이저 알터나티브
13PIE-EYEDAbsolutely loaded압솔루틀리 로덷
15ASH"Evil Dead" hero"이블 대드" 히로
16ENOBrian of Roxy Music브라이언 어브 롴씨 뮤짘
26YOU IN"Wanna play?""완나 플레이?"
28EARLECountry rocker Steve컨트리 라커 스티브
29ENGELTV actress Georgia티비 앸트래쓰 조자
31TNT"Inside the NBA" network"인사이드 디 앤비에이" 냍워크
33ENTFangorn forest being팽고른 포래스트 비잉
36CHAYulmu-율무-
37ITTAddams cousin애댐즈 커진
39WATTUnit of power유닡 어브 파워
40READEnjoy a book앤조이 어 붘
41STPNASCAR sponsor나스카 스판서
42AHIType of tuna타이프 어브 투나
43BANKi-moon of the U.N.기문 어브 디 유앤
46ELMTree symbolizing revolution트리 씸볼라이징 래볼루션
47CSI": Vegas"": 배이가스"
48HOTSizzling씨즐링
52OREMined-over matter?마인드-오버 맡터?
53ALIASJennifer Garner show재니퍼 가너 쇼
54MINSKCapital of Belarus캐피털 어브 밸라루스
55AGITAStomach woe스텀엌 워오
56HIT IT"Strike up the band!""스트라이크 어프 더 밴드!"
57LOSESComes up short컴즈 어프 쇼트
58ASLGestures that say it all?재스처즈 댙 세이 잍 알?
60EDTSummer hours in DC서머 아워즈 인 디씨
61NCRBig name in ATMs빅 네임 인 에이티앰즈
62IPAHoppy brew핲피 브루
63SANPart of UCSF파트 어브 유씨애쓰애프
64URNVessel like a samovar배쓸 라이크 어 GE MA WE VD
65SKAGenre for Reel Big Fish잔르 포 릴 빅 피시으
66UKEStrings for Don Ho스트링즈 포 BAF  JA
67EAR"Lent" organ"렌트" 오건
68INGDutch financial giant더츠 파이낸셜 자연트
69NGOMSF, for one앰애쓰애프, 포 원

Author's Note

Steve used to use SKATS in his days as a Korean-language linguist in the U.S. Navy, and thought it would be an interesting mechanic for a puzzle. joon (who is no longer at all fluent in Korean—despite it being his first language—but can still read Hangul just fine because it's just a freaking brilliantly designed writing system) had been separately kicking around the idea of an Anguished Hangul crossword, and the two ideas fit together beautifully. We decided to use SKATS at the extraction step to turn shaded Hangul characters in the finished grid into an answer phrase, and LA BAMBA was the only unclaimed answer in the entire Hunt that could map to valid Hangul syllables in the vowel-consonant(-vowel) pattern. As a bonus, the Hangul characters in ​​​​고돔도 can be written using only vertical and horizontal lines, which seemed a lot easier than trying to work out a mechanism that would allow us to shade in curves or diagonals, so we jumped on it.

We went through a couple of iterations on the puzzle structure before settling on this mix of Hangul and SKATS in the clues, to maximize the incentive for solvers to finish the grid before jumping to the extraction step. Writing the clues and observing testsolves was a lot of fun. About half of the testsolve teams found SKATS at 74-across only after working out literally the entire cipher on their own, and then we all howled with laughter when they googled it and were like, "Wait, this is a thing we could have just used all along?" Also, several testsolve teams got "pangolin" instead of "Fangorn" in the phonetic clue for 33-down ENT, which evoked a delightful image of the pangolins rising up and throwing Saruman out of the tower with their little claws. Don't mess with the pangolins.